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TEREFTHALIC DIHYDRAZIDE CAS:136-64-1
Terephthalic dihydrazide (TPHD) waa isku-dhis dabiici ah oo laga soo qaatay aashitada terephthalic, oo leh laba kooxood oo hydrazine ah oo shaqeynaya. Waxay u muuqataa mid adag oo cad waxaana ugu horreyn loo yaqaanaa faa'iidada ay u leedahay isku-darka polymers-ka iyo waxyaabaha kale ee kiimikada ka soo baxa. TPHD waxay u dhaqantaa sidii dhexdhexaad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan falgallada kiimikada ee kala duwan, gaar ahaan soo saarista polyamides iyo isku-dhisyo kale oo ay ku jiraan nitrogen. Qaab-dhismeedkeeda gaarka ah wuxuu bixiyaa sifooyin gaar ah oo ka dhigaya mid qiimo leh sayniska agabka iyo codsiyada warshadaha.
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3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL) PHENYLHYDRAZINE CAS:368-78-5
3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine waa isku-dhis dabiici ah oo leh qaab-dhismeed phenylhydrazine ah oo leh koox trifluoromethyl ah (-CF₃) oo ku taal booska meta ee giraanta udgoonka. Isku-darkani waxaa loo yaqaanaa sifooyinkiisa gaarka ah, gaar ahaan joogitaanka qaybta trifluoromethyl, taas oo kor u qaadaysa lipophilicity iyo fal-celinteeda. Waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa isku-darka kiimikada iyo cilmi-baarista, gaar ahaan qaybaha kiimikada daawada iyo sayniska agabka.
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P-TOLUALDEHYDE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE CAS:2571-00-8
p-Tolualdehyde 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone waa nooc ka mid ah hydrazone oo laga sameeyay falgalka p-tolualdehyde iyo 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Isku-dhafkan wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraa kiimikada dabiiciga ah sida fal-gal si loo aqoonsado loona garto aldehydes iyo ketones. Samaynta hydrazones waxay ka caawisaa kala soocida isku-dhafkan carbonyl sababtoo ah sifooyinkooda gaarka ah ee jireed, sida dhibco dhalaalid iyo midabyo kala duwan. Fahmidda isku-darka iyo dhaqanka p-tolualdehyde 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone waxay bixisaa aragtiyo qiimo leh oo ku saabsan hababka fal-celinta dabiiciga ah waxayna kor u qaadaysaa farsamooyinka aqoonsiga molecular.
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m-Tolyl isocyanate CAS:621-29-4
m-Tolyl isocyanate, oo ah isku-darka isocyanate udgoon, wuxuu leeyahay koox m-tolyl ah (1-methylphenyl) oo ku xiran kooxda shaqada isocyanate (-N=C=O). Isku-darkaan waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay fal-galkiisa wuxuuna u adeegaa sidii dhisme muhiim ah oo ku jira isku-darka dabiiciga ah. m-Tolyl isocyanate waxaa si caadi ah loogu isticmaalaa soo saarista urea iyo waxyaabaha ka soo baxa carbamate iyada oo loo marayo fal-celinta amino iyo alkohol. Qaab-dhismeedkiisa gaarka ah wuxuu u oggolaanayaa codsiyo kala duwan oo ku saabsan kiimikada daawada, sayniska agabka, iyo kiimikooyinka beeraha, taasoo ka dhigaysa isku-darka muhiimka ah ee cilmi-baarayaasha iyo warshadaha diiradda saaraya hababka isku-dhafka ah iyo horumarinta agabka cusub.
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p-Tolyl isocyanate CAS:622-58-2
p-Tolyl isocyanate, oo ah isku-darka isocyanate udgoon, wuxuu leeyahay koox tolyl ah (phenyl-methyl-substituted) oo ku xiran kooxda shaqada ee isocyanate (-N=C=O). Isku-darkani wuxuu muhiim u yahay isku-darka dabiiciga ah iyo cilmiga agabka sababtoo ah falcelintiisa iyo awoodda uu u leeyahay inuu sameeyo waxyaabaha ka soo baxa urea iyo carbamate marka uu la falgalo amines iyo alkohol. p-Tolyl isocyanate wuxuu u adeegaa sidii dhisme qiimo leh oo loogu talagalay horumarinta daawooyinka, kiimikooyinka beeraha, iyo polymers. Qaab-dhismeedkiisa gaarka ah wuxuu kor u qaadaa faa'iidada codsiyada kiimikada ee kala duwan, taasoo ka dhigaysa isku-darka muhiimka ah ee cilmi-baarayaasha iyo warshadaha diiradda saaraya horumarinta agabka cusub iyo hababka isku-dhafka ah.
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O-TOLUALDEHYDE 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONE CAS:1773-44-0
O-Tolualdehyde 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone waa nooc ka soo jeeda oo laga soo saaro falgalka o-tolualdehyde iyo 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Isku-dhafkan wuxuu muhiim u yahay kiimikada dabiiciga ah maadaama uu awood u siinayo aqoonsashada iyo qeexidda aldehydes. Samaynta hydrazones waa hab muhiim ah oo lagu ogaanayo isku-dhafka carbonyl sababtoo ah dhibcooyinkooda kala duwan ee dhalaalka iyo sifooyinka jireed. Isku-darka wuxuu u adeegaa ujeeddooyin falanqayn iyo waxbarasho labadaba, isagoo muujinaya fikradaha muhiimka ah sida ku darista nucleophilic iyo falcelinta fuuq-baxa. Fahmidda o-tolualdehyde 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone waxay gacan ka geysataa codsiyada ballaaran ee isku-darka dabiiciga ah iyo farsamooyinka aqoonsiga molecular.
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α-Ketoglutaric acid disodium milix CAS:305-72-6
Cusbada disodium ee aashitada α-Ketoglutaric, oo badanaa loo yaqaan sodium α-ketoglutarate, waa milix laga soo qaatay α-ketoglutaric acid, oo ah dhexdhexaad muhiim ah oo ku jira wareegga Krebs. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo qaacidada molecular-ka C₅H₆Na₂O₄, isku-dhafkan wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka iyo wax soo saarka tamarta unugyada. Sodium α-ketoglutarate waxaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan kaabisyada cuntada, waxyaabaha lagu daro cuntada, iyo daawooyinka. Sifooyinkeedu waxay kor u qaadaan dheef-shiid kiimikaadka amino acid iyo gaadiidka nitrogen, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid qiimo leh labadaba xaaladaha nafaqada iyo caafimaadka. Fahmidda doorarkeeda iyo adeegsigeeda bayoolaji waxay kor u qaadi kartaa isticmaalkeeda caafimaadka iyo fayoobaanta.
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MONOBUTYL PHTHALATE CAS:131-70-4
Monobutyl phthalate (MBP), oo ah isku-darka ester-ka ee laga soo saaro phthalic acid, waxaa sameeya esterification-ka hal molecule butanol oo leh phthalic acid. Waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa sidii balaastigeeye polyvinyl chloride (PVC) iyo qaacidooyinka kale ee polymer-ka si loo xoojiyo dabacsanaanta, cimri dhererka, iyo shaqaynta. MBP waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa codsiyada warshadaha kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan dhejisyada, dahaarka, iyo shaabadaha. Inkasta oo ay siiso sifooyin faa'iido leh agabka, haddana walaac ayaa ka dhashay saameynteeda caafimaad ee suurtagalka ah, taasoo keentay cilmi-baaris joogto ah oo ku saabsan badqabkeeda iyo saameynta deegaanka. Fahmidda astaamaha iyo isticmaalka MBP waa lama huraan si loo horumariyo beddello ammaan ah oo ku jira alaabada macaamiisha.
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Ethyl (pentafluorobenzoyl)acetate CAS:3516-87-8
Ethyl (pentafluorobenzoyl)acetate waa isku-dhis udgoon oo lagu garto joogitaanka kooxda pentafluorobenzoyl ee ku xiran qayb ka mid ah ethyl acetate. Isku-darkani waa mid caan ku ah ku darista atamka fluorine badan, kaas oo si weyn u saameeya sifooyinka kiimikada, oo ay ku jiraan lipophilicity iyo fal-celinta. Ethyl (pentafluorobenzoyl)acetate wuxuu u adeegaa dhexdhexaad qiimo leh oo ku jira isku-darka dabiiciga ah iyo kiimikada daawada, taasoo u oggolaanaysa horumarinta isku-dhisyo kala duwan oo fluorinated ah. Qaab-dhismeedkeeda gaarka ah wuxuu bixiyaa faa'iidooyin gaar ah oo ku saabsan naqshadeynta daawada, kiimikooyinka beeraha, iyo cilmiga agabka, taasoo ka dhigaysa isku-dhis muhiim u ah cilmi-baarayaasha iyo codsiyada warshadaha.
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METHANESULFONYL HYDRAZIDE CAS:10393-86-9
Methanesulfonyl hydrazide, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan mesylhydrazine, waa isku-dhis dabiici ah oo leh koox hydrazine ah oo ku xiran qayb methanesulfonyl ah. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo qaacidada molecular-ka C₂H₇N₃O₂S, isku-darkani wuxuu helay dareen ku saabsan kiimikada macmal ah iyo tan daawada labadaba sababtoo ah fal-celintiisa iyo codsiyada suurtagalka ah. Methanesulfonyl hydrazide wuxuu u adeegaa dhexdhexaad qiimo leh oo ku saabsan isku-darka daawooyinka kala duwan iyo kiimikooyinka beeraha. Qaab-dhismeedkiisa gaarka ah wuxuu awood u siinayaa inuu ka qaybqaato noocyo kala duwan oo fal-celin kiimiko ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa baloog dhisme oo waxtar leh oo lagu horumarinayo isku-dhisyo cusub oo leh sifooyin bayooloji ama kiimiko ah oo la doonayo.
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N-(5-BROMOPENTYL)PHTHALIMIDE CAS:954-81-4
N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide waa isku-dhis dabiici ah oo lagu garto koox phthalimide ah oo ku xiran silsilad shan-kaarboon ah oo ay ku jiraan beddel bromine ah oo ku yaal booska ugu dambeeya. Isku-darkani waa mid caan ku ah fal-galkiisa iyo kala-duwanaanshihiisa isku-darka dabiiciga ah, oo ugu horreyn u adeegaya dhexdhexaad muhiim ah diyaarinta dawooyin kala duwan iyo kiimikooyin beero-beereed. Joogitaanka atomka bromine wuxuu xoojiyaa sifooyinkiisa elektrofilik, isagoo fududeynaya falcelinta beddelka nucleophilic. N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide sidoo kale waa mid qiimo leh sayniska maadiga ah, gaar ahaan horumarinta polymers-ka iyo agabka shaqeynaya, isagoo muujinaya muhiimaddiisa cilmi-baarista kiimikada casriga ah iyo codsiyada.
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METHYL 2-CHLORO-4-NITROBENZOATE CAS:13324-11-3
Methyl 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoate waa isku-dhis udgoon oo lagu garto joogitaanka kooxda nitro iyo atamka koloriin ee ku yaal giraanta benzene, oo ay weheliso kooxda methoxycarbonyl. Isku-darkani wuxuu u adeegaa sidii dhexdhexaad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan isku-darka dabiiciga ah, gaar ahaan beeraha kiimikada daawada iyo kiimikooyinka beeraha. Habaynta gaarka ah ee walxaha beddela waxay keentaa falcelin kiimiko oo kala duwan, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid waxtar u leh isbeddello kala duwan. Methyl 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoate waxay ka qayb qaadan kartaa falcelinta beddelka elektaroonigga ah, beddelka nucleophilic, iyo falcelinta kale ee isku-xidhka, taasoo sahlaysa isku-darka molecules-ka dabiiciga ah ee adag iyo daawooyinka.
