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Aashitada diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid CAS:67-43-6
Diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo sidii wakiil chelating ah. Waxay leedahay awood ay ku xidho ion-yada birta culus, gaar ahaan kuwa sida lead, mercury, iyo cadmium, si ay u sameeyaan isku-dhisyo deggan. DTPA waxaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan hagaajinta deegaanka, daawaynta caafimaadka, hababka warshadaha, iyo dawooyinka radiopharmaceuticals. Sifooyinka ay u leedahay chelating birta ayaa ka dhigaya mid wax ku ool ah ka saarista biraha culus biyaha wasakhda ah, daaweynta sumowga birta culus, ka hortagga faragelinta falgalka kiimikada, iyo fududeynta keenista daawooyinka daaweynta ee bartilmaameedka ah. Guud ahaan, DTPA waa isku-dhisyo badan oo leh codsiyo muhiim ah oo warshado kala duwan ah.
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2,2′-Oxybis(etylamine) dihydrochloride CAS:60792-79-2
2,2′-Oxybis(ethylamine) dihydrochloride, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan diethylenetriamine, waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo leh qaacidada molecular-ka C6H16N2Cl2. Waa dareere cad oo aan midab lahayn oo leh ur astaan u ah.
Diethylenetriamine waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa sidii baloog dhisme oo lagu sameeyo isku-darka isku-dhafka kala duwan ee dabiiciga ah. Waxaa badanaa loo adeegsadaa sidii wakiil isku-xidha oo lagu sameeyo wax soo saarka walxaha polymeric-ga ah, sida resins, dhejisyada, iyo dahaarka. Waxay sidoo kale u dhaqmi kartaa sidii wakiil chelating ah oo loogu talagalay ion-yada birta, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid waxtar u leh codsiyada sida dahaarka birta iyo daaweynta biyaha.
Intaa waxaa dheer, diethylenetriamine waxaa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha dawooyinka sidii agab bilow ah oo loogu talagalay isku-darka daawooyinka qaarkood iyo daawooyinka dhexdhexaadka ah. Waa la beddeli karaa si loo soo bandhigo shaqooyin gaar ah loona xoojiyo waxtarka daawada.
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Ethidium Bromide CAS:1239-45-8
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) waa midab fluorescent caadi ah oo loo isticmaalo bayoolajiga molecular iyo bayochemistry si loo arko asiidhyada nucleic, gaar ahaan DNA, ee ku jira agarose gel electrophoresis. Waxay leedahay xiriir sare oo DNA ah, marka la soo bandhigo iftiinka ultraviolet (UV), fluoresces-ka wuxuu soo saaraa midab casaan-liimi ah. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa cilmi-baarayaasha inay si fudud u ogaadaan oo ay u falanqeeyaan jajabyada DNA-da ee loo kala saaray cabbirka matrix jel.
EtBr wuxuu dhex maraa lammaanayaasha salka ee DNA iyo RNA, taasoo keenta isbeddel ku yimaada sifooyinka iftiinka. Badanaa waxaa lagu daraa jellada agarose ama waxaa lagu qasaa muunadaha DNA ka hor electrophoresis. Marka jelku la kulmo iftiinka UV, xargaha DNA-da ee ka kooban EtBr waxay u muuqdaan sidii xargaha oranji dhalaalaya oo ka soo horjeeda asalka mugdiga ah, taasoo sahlaysa in la arko oo la falanqeeyo jajabyada DNA-da.
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3,3′-Diaminobenzidine CAS:91-95-2
3,3′-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo bayoolajiga iyo histology si loogu rinjiyeeyo borotiinnada, asiidhyada nukliyeer, iyo macromolecules kale. Marka la oksaydheeyo, waxay samaysaa soo-saar midab bunni ah oo si fudud loogu arki karo mikroskoob. Rinjiyeynta DAB waxaa badanaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu ogaado jiritaanka iyo meelaynta molecules gaar ah, sida antigens ama enzymes, ee unugyada iyo unugyada. Waa doorasho caan ah oo loogu talagalay farsamooyinka immunohistochemistry iyo immunocytochemistry sababtoo ah xasaasiyaddeeda sare iyo xasilloonideeda. Rinjiyeynta DAB waxay bixin kartaa aragtiyo qiimo leh oo ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedka unugyada iyo isdhexgalka molecular, iyadoo gacan ka geysaneysa cilmi-baarista iyo ogaanshaha qaybaha sida daawada, bayoolajiga, iyo pathology.
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Glycine CAS:56-40-6 Qiimaha Soo-saaraha
Glycine waa mid ka mid ah amino acids-ka ugu fudud waxaana loo arkaa mid aan muhiim ahayn, taasoo la micno ah in jidhku uu keligiis soo saari karo. Waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa isku-darka borotiinnada, iyadoo u shaqaynaysa sidii baloog dhisme u ah sameynta borotiinka.
Glycine sidoo kale waxay ku lug leedahay hababka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ee kala duwan ee jirka. Waxay u dhaqantaa sidii hordhac u ah dhowr isku-dhis oo muhiim ah, oo ay ku jiraan heme (qayb ka mid ah hemoglobin) iyo creatine (oo lagama maarmaan u ah dheef-shiid kiimikaadka tamarta ee muruqyada).
Intaa waxaa dheer, glycine wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii neerfaha neerfaha ee habdhiska dhexe, isagoo door ka ciyaara hagaajinta firfircoonida unugyada neerfaha. Waxaa lala xiriiriyay kor u qaadista nasashada, xasilloonida, iyo hagaajinta tayada hurdada.
Glycine waxaa si dabiici ah looga helaa ilo cunto oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan hilibka, digaagga, kalluunka, waxyaabaha caanaha laga sameeyo, digirta, iyo miro iyo khudaar gaar ah. Kaabisteeda waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu taageero koritaanka murqaha, lagu hagaajiyo tayada hurdada, iyo in la horumariyo fayoobaanta guud.
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4-METHOXYBENZENEDIAZONIUM TETRAFLUOROBORATE CAS:459-64-3
4-Methoxybenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo ka tirsan fasalka milixda diazonium. Waxay ka kooban tahay koox diazonium ah (N≡N⁺) oo ku xiran giraan 4-methoxybenzene ah, ka soo horjeedkeeduna waa tetrafluoroborate (BF4⁻).
Cusbooyinka Diazonium waxaa loo yaqaanaa falgalkooda waxaana badanaa loo isticmaalaa dhexdhexaadin ahaan falgallo kala duwan oo isku-darka dabiiciga ah. Waxay mari karaan isbeddello kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan beddelka udgoonka elektaroonigga ah, falgallada isku-xidhka, iyo isku-darka dheeha azo.
4-Methoxybenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate ayaa si gaar ah loogu isticmaalay kiimikada dabiiciga ah si loogu soo bandhigo kooxda 4-methoxybenzene molecules-ka kale iyada oo loo marayo falcelinta isku xidhka diazonium. Waa falgal waxtar u leh isku-darka aryl derivatives waxaana loo isticmaali karaa diyaarinta daawooyinka, kiimikooyinka beeraha, iyo isku-dhafka kale ee dabiiciga ah.
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Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride CAS:146-68-9
Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride waa isku-dhis inta badan loo isticmaalo baaritaannada bayoolojiga iyo bayoolojiga si loo ogaado jiritaanka ensaymada dehydrogenase. Badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa midab redox ah si loo arko dhaqdhaqaaqa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka unugyada. Isku-dhisku caadi ahaan waa mid aan midab lahayn laakiin wuxuu sameeyaa badeeco cas oo formazan ah marka uu la falgalo ensaymada gaarka ah ee ku jira unugyada nool. Falcelintani waxay u oggolaanaysaa cilmi-baarayaasha inay si muuqaal ah u go'aamiyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo jiritaanka unugyada tijaabooyinka ama baaritaannada ogaanshaha.
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4-Nitrophenyl phosphate disodium milix hexahydrate CAS:4264-83-9
4-Nitrophenyl phosphate disodium milix hexahydrate waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo sidii substrate si loo ogaado dhaqdhaqaaqa enzymes-ka phosphatase. Waxay u muuqataa sidii budo cad ilaa caddaan ah waxayna si aad ah ugu milmaysaa biyaha. Marka ay falgalaan enzymes-ka phosphatase, waxay maraan falgal keena soo saarista midab huruud ah, kaas oo lagu cabbiri karo spectrophotometric. Isku-darkani wuxuu helaa codsiyo tijaabooyin bayoolaji oo kala duwan iyo xirmooyin ogaansho si loo ogaado loona qiyaaso dhaqdhaqaaqa phosphatase ee muunadaha..
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Methylphenazinium methosulfate CAS:299-11-6
Methylphenazinium methosulfate (MPMS) waa isku-dhis redox-active ah oo si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo sida elektarooniga daraasadaha kala duwan ee bayoolaji iyo bayofizik. Waa cusbo ka kooban methylphenazinium cation (isku-dhis heterocyclic ah) iyo anion methosulfate ah.
MPMS waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa beddel ahaan sidayaasha elektaroonigga dhaqameed, sida ferricyanide ama phenazine ethosulfate, sababtoo ah xasilloonideeda iyo milmideeda sare ee biyaha. Waxay leedahay sifooyin redox wanaagsan, kuwaas oo u oggolaanaya inay aqbasho oo ay wareejiso elektaroonada inta lagu jiro falcelinta enzymatic.
Mid ka mid ah codsiyada muhiimka ah ee MPMS waa baaritaanno ku lug leh cabbiraadda wareejinta elektaroonigga ama dhaqdhaqaaqa ensaymikada. Waxaa si joogto ah loo isticmaalaa iyadoo lala kaashanayo nidaamka ensaym si loola socdo wareejinta elektaroonada u dhexeeya qaybaha kala duwan. Hoos u dhaca MPMS waxaa lagu ogaan karaa si muuqaal ahaan ah, halkaasoo nuugistiisu ay isbeddesho natiijada hababka wareejinta elektaroonigga.
MPMS waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa daraasadaha la xiriira neefsashada mitochondrial iyo fosfoorasaydhka oksaydhka. Waxay u dhaqmi kartaa sidii aqbale elektaroonig ah oo macmal ah, taasoo u oggolaanaysa cilmi-baarayaasha inay baaraan shaqada iyo nidaaminta hababkan ee nidaamyada bayoolojiga ee kala duwan.
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4-Nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside CAS:10231-84-2
4-Nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo ka tirsan qoyska glycosides. Waxay ka kooban tahay molecule sonkor ah oo ku xiran koox 4-nitrophenyl ah. Isku-darkaan waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa substrate-ka tijaabooyinka enzymatic si loo barto dhaqdhaqaaqa fucosidases, kuwaas oo ah ensaymo ku lug leh burburka molecules-ka ku jira fucose. Marka uu ku dhaqmo enzyme-ka fucosidase, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside waa la kala gooyaa, taasoo keenta sii deynta 4-nitrophenol, kaas oo si tiro ahaan loo cabbiri karo iyadoo la adeegsanayo spectrophotometry. Substrate-kani wuxuu si gaar ah waxtar ugu leeyahay daraasadaha la xiriira dhaqdhaqaaqa enzymatic, gaar ahaanta substrate-ka, baaritaanka inhibitor-ka, iyo kinetics-ka ensaymes-ka fucosidase.
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N-Ethylmaleemide CAS:128-53-0 Qiimaha Soo-saaraha
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) waa iskudhis yar oo dabiici ah oo si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo cilmi-baarista bayoolajiga iyo bayoolajiga molecular. Waxay u shaqaysaa sidii horjooge gaar ah oo ka mid ah kooxaha borotiinka sulfhydryl (thiol) iyadoo si aan laga noqon karin wax uga beddelaysa oo xannibaysa dhaqdhaqaaqooda. NEM aad bay uga falcelisaa kooxaha sulfhydryl, sida kuwa laga helo amino acid cysteine, waxayna la falgeli kartaa labada kooxood ee sulfhydryl ee bilaashka ah iyo kuwa ku jira borotiinnada. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa NEM qalab waxtar leh oo lagu barto shaqada borotiinka, isdhexgalka borotiinka-borotiinka, iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ensaymka. Sifooyinkeeda xakamaynta ayaa loo isticmaalay codsiyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan proteomics, enzymology, bayoolaji qaab-dhismeed, iyo daahfurka daawada.
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4-Fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan CAS:29270-56-2
4-Fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo leh qaacidada molecular-ka C6H2FN3O3. Waa adag huruud ah oo kristal ah oo inta badan loo isticmaalo sidii reagent falgallo kiimiko oo kala duwan. 4-Fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan waxaa loo yaqaanaa awooddeeda ay kula falgasho amines-ka aasaasiga ah, iyadoo sameysanaysa derivatives fluorescent ah oo waxtar u yeelan kara codsiyada falanqaynta sida calaamadaynta borotiinka iyo falanqaynta amino acid. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa daraasadaha la xiriira kinetics ensaym iyo go'aaminta taxanaha asiidhka nucleic.
