-
Biscyanatophenylpropane CAS:1156-51-0
Biscyanatophenylpropane waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo leh laba kooxood oo cyano ah (–C≡N) oo ku xiran laf-dhabarta phenylpropane. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo qaacidada molecular-ka C₁₄H₁₃N₂, waxay u taagan tahay fasal isku-dhisyo leh codsiyo suurtagal ah oo ku saabsan isku-darka dabiiciga ah iyo sayniska agabka. Joogitaanka kooxaha cyano waxay gacan ka geysataa fal-galkeeda, taasoo u oggolaanaysa isbeddello kala duwan oo horseedi kara horumarinta agab cusub ama daawooyin. Qaab-dhismeedka gaarka ah ee isku-dhafkan wuxuu ka dhigayaa mawduuc xiiso leh oo lagu sameeyo cilmi-baarista sifooyinka kiimikada iyo isticmaalka suurtagalka ah ee codsiyada horumarsan sida polymers, agrochemicals, ama dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha dawooyinka.
-
Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate CAS:1189-71-5
Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) waa isku-dhis kiimiko oo kala duwan oo leh qaacidada ClSO2NCO. Waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa dhexdhexaad ahaan isku-darka isku-dhisyo kala duwan oo dabiici ah, gaar ahaan soo saarista sulfonamides iyo wakiillo kale oo dawooyin ah. Kooxaha shaqada ee gaarka ah ee CSI waxay u oggolaanayaan inay ka qaybqaataan falgallada kiimikada ee kala duwan, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid qiimo leh cilmiga agabka iyo kiimikooyinka beeraha. Intaa waxaa dheer, falgalkeeda amines iyo alcohols wuxuu suurtogal ka dhigayaa sameynta waxyaabaha ka soo baxa sulfamoyl, kuwaas oo leh codsiyo kiimikada daawada ah. Sababo la xiriira khataraha ku jira, oo ay ku jiraan sunta iyo daxalka, maaraynta chlorosulfonyl isocyanate waxay u baahan tahay taxaddarro badbaado oo adag.
-
Ammonium benzoate CAS:1863-63-4
Ammonium benzoate waa cusbo cad oo crystalline ah oo ka samaysan falgalka benzoic acid iyo ammonium hydroxide. Waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa adeegyo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan ilaalinta cuntada, wakiilka dhadhanka, iyo qaacidooyinka dawooyinka. Warshadaha cuntada, ammonium benzoate waxay u dhaqantaa sida ugu badan sidii ilaaliye sababtoo ah sifooyinka jeermiska dila, taasoo xannibaysa koritaanka caaryada iyo bakteeriyada cuntooyinka aashitada leh. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay leedahay codsiyo ku saabsan soo saarista daawooyinka qaarkood iyo qurxinta. Badqabkeeda isticmaalka waxaa dejiyay hay'adaha sharci dejinta, inkastoo loo isticmaali karo xadka lagu taliyay.
-
1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide CAS:1072-53-3
1,3,2-Dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan dioxathiolane S-oxide, waa isku-dhis heterocyclic ah oo ay ku jirto sulfur oo leh qaacidada molecular-ka C3H6O3S. Isku-dhafkan wuxuu leeyahay qaab-dhismeed giraan dioxathiolane ah, oo lagu garto isku-dubaridkiisa gaarka ah ee atamka sulfur iyo oksijiinta. Waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa isku-darka dabiiciga ah iyo sida fal-celin kiimiko oo kala duwan. Sababtoo ah joogitaanka sulfur iyo oksijiin labadaba, waxay muujisaa falcelin gaar ah oo laga faa'iideysan karo sameynta molecules organic ah oo aad u adag. Cilmi-baaris lagu sameeyay codsiyadeeda waxay ku saabsan tahay daawooyinka, kiimikooyinka beeraha, iyo sayniska agabka, iyadoo iftiiminaysa kala-duwanaanshaheeda iyo muhiimadda ay u leedahay kiimikada isku-dhafka ah.
-
3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic aashito CAS:14657-64-8
3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid waa isku-dhis organophosphorus ah oo lagu garto koox phosphinyl ah oo ku xiran qayb ka mid ah propanoic acid iyo giraanta phenyl ee lagu beddelay hydroxyl. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo qaacidada molecular-ka C₉H₁₁O₄P, isku-darkani wuxuu muujiyaa sifooyin kiimiko oo gaar ah oo laga yaabo inay u adeegsadaan codsiyo kala duwan oo ku saabsan isku-darka dabiiciga ah iyo kiimikada daawada. Joogitaanka labadaba phenolic hydroxyl iyo kooxda shaqaynta phosphinyl waxay soo jeedinaysaa dhaqdhaqaaq bayooloji oo suurtagal ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa musharrax cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan isticmaalkeeda daaweynta. Qaab-dhismeedkeedu wuxuu bixiyaa kala duwanaansho wax-ka-beddello loogu talagalay kor u qaadista dhaqdhaqaaqa ama gaar ahaanshaha naqshadeynta daawada.
-
vidarabine CAS:5536-17-4
Vidarabine, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A), waa nooc ka mid ah nucleoside analog oo ah adenosine. Markii hore loo sameeyay sidii wakiil ka hortagga fayraska, waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaali jiray in lagu daaweeyo caabuqyada fayraska, gaar ahaan kuwa ay sababaan fayraska herpes simplex (HSV) iyo fayraska varicella-zoster (VZV). Vidarabine wuxuu joojiyaa taranka fayraska isagoo faragelinaya isku-darka DNA-da fayraska iyo RNA, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid wax ku ool ah maaraynta caabuqyada herpes ee daran. Qaab-dhismeedkiisa gaarka ah wuxuu u oggolaanayaa in lagu daro asiidhyada nucleic, taasoo carqaladeynaysa hababka unugyada caadiga ah. In kasta oo aan si caadi ah loo isticmaalin maanta sababtoo ah soo ifbaxa daawooyinka cusub ee fayraska, vidarabine wali waa mid muhiim u ah cilmi-baarista fayraska.
-
uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:3083-77-0
Uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, oo loo yaqaan ara-U, waa nukliyeoside analog ah oo laga soo qaatay uracil kaas oo leh qayb sonkor ah oo arabinofuranosyl ah. Isbeddelkani wuxuu kor u qaadaa xasilloonida iyo firfircoonida bayoolojiga marka loo eego uridine-ka dabiiciga ah. Ara-U waxaa lagu bartay sifooyinka ka hortagga fayraska ee suurtagalka ah, gaar ahaan fayrasyada RNA. Waxay u shaqeysaa iyadoo joojinaysa taranka fayraska iyada oo loo marayo farsamooyin la mid ah kuwa kale ee nucleoside analogs, taasoo ka dhigaysa musharrax loogu talagalay codsiyada daaweynta ee daaweynta caabuqyada fayraska. Astaamaha qaab-dhismeedka gaarka ah ee uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside waxay u oggolaanayaan isdhexgalka polymerases-ka fayraska, iyagoo muujinaya muhiimadda ay leedahay cilmi-baarista daawada iyo horumarinta daawada.
-
cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:147-94-4
Cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, oo loo yaqaan ara-C ama cytarabine, waa nukliyoside analog ah oo cytosine ah. Waxay leedahay sonkor arabinofuranosyl ah, taas oo kor u qaadaysa xasilloonideeda iyo firfircoonideeda nidaamyada bayoolojiga. Ara-C waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa daaweynta noocyada kala duwan ee kansarka, gaar ahaan kansarrada dhiigga sida kansarka myeloid ee daran (AML) iyo lymphoma-ka aan ahayn Hodgkin. Habka ficilkeedu wuxuu ku lug leeyahay ku darista DNA-da, taas oo horseedaysa joojinta isku-darka DNA-da ugu dambayntiina waxay keentaa apoptosis unugyada si degdeg ah u kala qaybiya. Sababtoo ah waxtarkeeda ka dhanka ah kansarka, cytarabine waxay weli tahay aasaaska hababka kiimoterabiga.
-
Cyclocytidine hydrochloride CAS:10212-25-6
Cyclocytidine hydrochloride waa nooc ka mid ah nukliyoside analog oo wareeg ah oo laga soo qaatay cytidine, oo leh qaab-dhismeed baaskiileed oo gaar ah kaas oo kor u qaada xasilloonidiisa iyo firfircoonidiisa bayoolojiga. Waxaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaa cilmi-baarista dawooyinka iyo horumarinta codsiyada daaweynta ee suurtagalka ah, gaar ahaan daaweynta fayraska iyo ka hortagga kansarka. Cyclocytidine waxay wax ka beddeli kartaa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka nukliyoolojiga waxayna saameyn kartaa hababka unugyada, taasoo ka dhigaysa isku-darka qiimaha leh ee lagu baranayo isdhexgalka molecular-ka ee unugyada. Sifooyinka kiimikada waxay awood u siinayaan cilmi-baarayaasha inay sahamiyaan waddooyin cusub oo loogu talagalay naqshadeynta iyo keenista daawada, iyagoo bixinaya waddooyin rajo leh oo loogu talagalay daaweynta cudurrada la xiriira shaqada aan caadiga ahayn ee nukliyoolojiga.
-
Adenosine Cyclophosphate CAS:60-92-4
Adenosine cyclophosphate, oo badanaa loo yaqaan cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), waa farriin labaad oo muhiim u ah marinnada calaamadaynta unugyada. Waxaa laga soo saaraa ATP iyadoo la adeegsanayo ficilka adenylate cyclase waxayna door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa dhexdhexaadinta jawaabaha kala duwan ee jir ahaaneed ee jirka. cAMP waxay u shaqeysaa iyadoo kicinaysa borotiinka kinase A (PKA) iyo cascades kale oo calaamadayn ah, taasoo horseedaysa saameyn bayooloji oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan nidaaminta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka, muujinta hidda-wadaha, iyo kororka unugyada. Muhiimaddeedu waxay ku fidsan tahay nidaamyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan nidaamyada neerfaha iyo endocrine, taasoo ka dhigaysa cAMP ciyaaryahan muhiim ah oo ku saabsan ilaalinta homeostasis-ka unugyada iyo ka jawaabista kicinta dibadda.
-
Adenosine 5′-monophosphate CAS:61-19-8
Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) waa nukleotide oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara dheef-shiid kiimikaadka unugyada iyo wareejinta tamarta. Iyada oo ka kooban saldhig adenine ah, sonkor ribose ah, iyo hal koox fosfate ah, AMP waxay ku lug leedahay habab kala duwan oo bayoolaji ah, oo ay ku jiraan isku-darka adenosine triphosphate (ATP) iyo cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Iyada oo ah molecule calaamadayn ah, AMP waxay nidaamisaa waddooyinka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka waxayna u adeegtaa sidii horudhac muhiim ah oo ku saabsan biosynthesis-ka nucleotide. Heerarkeeda gudaha unugyada waxay bixiyaan macluumaad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan xaaladda tamarta unugyada, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid lagama maarmaan u ah ilaalinta homeostasis iyo taageeridda hawlaha jir ahaaneed ee noolaha.
-
N(2),9-Diacetylguanine CAS:3056-33-5
N(2),9-Diacetylguanine waa nooc ka mid ah guanine, oo lagu yaqaan ku darista kooxaha acetyl ee booska nitrogen 2 iyo 9. Wax ka beddelkani wuxuu beddelaa sifooyinka kiimikada iyo hawlaha bayoolojiga ee guanine, isagoo xoojinaya milmidiisa iyo falcelintiisa. N(2),9-Diacetylguanine wuxuu u adeegaa sidii dhisme muhiim ah oo ku jira kiimikada asiidhka nucleic, isagoo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara cilmi-baarista la xiriirta qaab-dhismeedka DNA iyo RNA. Astaamihiisa kala duwan ayaa ka dhigaya mid qiimo leh horumarinta baaritaannada cusub iyo wakiilada daaweynta, taasoo u oggolaanaysa saynisyahannada inay si wax ku ool ah u baaraan hababka unugyada iyo nidaaminta hidde-sidaha.
