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PNPG CAS: 3150-24-1 Qiimaha soo saaraha
PNPG, ama p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside, waa substrate molecule yar oo inta badan loo isticmaalo qiimeynta biochemical si loo cabbiro dhaqdhaqaaqa glucosidase enzymes.Waa mid aan midab lahayn oo aan fluorescent ahayn, laakiin marka loo eego hydrolysis by glucosidase, waxa loo beddelaa p-nitrophenol, kaas oo leh midab huruud ah oo si fudud loo ogaan karo spectrophotometrically.
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ONPG CAS: 369-07-3 Qiimaha soo saaraha
O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) waa substrate synthetic loo isticmaalo tijaabinta bayoloji biochemical iyo molecular si loo cabbiro waxqabadka enzyme β-galactosidase.Waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa baaritaannada si loo ogaado muujinta hidda-wadaha ee nidaamyada bakteeriyada, sida Escherichia coli.ONPG waa xarun aan midab lahayn oo ay kala jajabisay β-galactosidase, taasoo keentay in la sii daayo xarun jaale ah, o-nitrophenol.Midabka jaalaha ah ee la soo saaro waxaa lagu qiyaasi karaa spectrophotometrically, siinta qiyaas aan toos ahayn ee dhaqdhaqaaqa enzyme. Imtixaanka isticmaalaya ONPG waxaa badanaa loo tixraacaa sida ONPG assay waana hab si ballaaran loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarista bayoolajiga molecular si loo qiimeeyo heerarka muujinta gen ee ay maamusho lac. fern ee unugyada bakteeriyada.
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Nitrotetrazolium chloride buluuga ah CAS: 298-83-9
Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride (NBT) waa tilmaame dib u habeyn ah oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo baaritaanka noolaha iyo kiimikaad.Waa budo jaale ah oo midabkeedu buluug yahay marka la dhimo, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid faa'iido leh oo lagu ogaanayo joogitaanka enzymes qaarkood iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka.
NBT waxay la falgashaa sidayaasha elektaroonigga ah iyo enzymes sida dehydrogenases, kuwaas oo ku lug leh hababka gacanta ee kala duwan.Marka NBT ay hoos u dhigto enzymes-yadan, waxay samaysaa qulqulo buluug ah, taas oo u oggolaanaysa ogaanshaha muuqaal ama spectrophotometric.
Reagent-kan waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa baaritaannada sida baaritaanka dhimista NBT, halkaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu qiimeeyo dhaqdhaqaaqa neefsashada ee dillaaca unugyada difaaca.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu barto hawlaha enzyme iyo dariiqyada dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ee cilmi-baarista la xiriirta cadaadiska oksaydhka, jiritaanka unugyada, iyo kala duwanaanta unugyada.
NBT waxay heshay codsiyo dhinacyo kala duwan ah, oo ay ku jiraan microbiology, immunology, iyo bayoloji unugyada.Waa wax badan, xoogaa xasiloon, waana fududahay in la isticmaalo, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho caan ah borotokool badan oo tijaabo ah.
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Neocuproine CAS: 484-11-7 Qiimaha soo saaraha
Neocuproine waa wakiilka chelating ee caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo codsiyo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan kiimikada falanqaynta iyo daawooyinka.Waxay xiriir xooggan u leedahay ions copper waxayna la samaysaa dhismayaal deggan.Hantidani waxay ka dhigaysa neocuproine mid waxtar u leh ogaanshaha iyo qiyaasidda naxaasta xalalka ama muunadaha.Intaa waxaa dheer, neocuproine ayaa lagu bartay codsiyadeeda daaweynta ee suurtagalka ah, gaar ahaan daaweynta kansarka iyo cudurrada neerfayaasha.
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IPTG CAS: 367-93-1 Qiimaha soo saaraha
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) waa analoogga synthetic ee lactose kaas oo inta badan loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarista bayoolajiga molecular iyo codsiyada bayoolajiga.IPTG waxaa ugu horayn loo isticmaalaa in lagu kiciyo muujinta hiddo-wadaha nidaamyada bakteeriyada, halkaas oo ay u adeegto kicinta molecular si ay u bilawdo qoraalka hiddo-wadaha bartilmaameedka ah.
Marka lagu daro dhexdhexaadinta koritaanka, IPTG waxaa qaada bakteeriyada waxayna ku xidhi kartaa borotiinka lac repressor, taasoo ka hortagaysa inay xannibto dhaqdhaqaaqa lac operon.Lac operon waa unug ka mid ah hidde-sideyaasha ku lug leh dheef-shiid kiimikaadka lactose, iyo marka borotiinka cadaadiska la saaro, hiddo-wadaha ayaa la muujiyaa.
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HATU CAS: 148893-10-1 Qiimaha soo saaraha
HATU (1-[bis (dimethylamino) methylene] -1H-1,2,3-triazolo [4,5-b] pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate) waa reagent caadi ah oo la isticmaalo isku-xidhka isku-dhafka peptide iyo kiimikada organic.
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D-fucose CAS:3615-37-0 Qiimaha soo saaraha
D-fucose waa monosaccharide, gaar ahaan sonkorta lix-carbon ah, oo ka tirsan kooxda sonkorta fudud ee loo yaqaan hexoses.Waa isomer gulukoos, oo ku kala duwan qaabaynta hal koox hydroxyl.
D-fucose si dabiici ah ayaa looga helaa noole kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan bakteeriyada, fungi, dhirta, iyo xayawaanka.Waxay ka ciyaartaa door muhiim ah dhowr hannaan oo bayooloji ah, sida calaamadaynta unugyada, adhesion cell, iyo glycoprotein synthesis.Waa qayb ka mid ah glycolipids, glycoproteins, iyo proteoglycans, kuwaas oo ku lug leh isgaarsiinta unug-ilaa-unug iyo aqoonsiga.
Bini'aadamka, D-fucose waxay sidoo kale ku lug leedahay biosynthesis ee qaababka glycan ee muhiimka ah, sida Lewis antigens iyo antigens kooxda dhiigga, kuwaas oo saameyn ku leh ku-beddelashada dhiigga iyo u nugulnaanta cudurrada.
D-fucose waxaa laga heli karaa ilo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan haramaha badda, dhirta, iyo halsano microbial.Waxaa loo adeegsadaa cilmi baarista iyo codsiyada biomedical, iyo sidoo kale soo saarista dawooyinka qaarkood iyo xeryahooda daweynta.
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DDT CAS: 3483-12-3 Qiimaha soo saaraha
DL-Dithiothreitol, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan DTT, waa wakiil yaraynta inta badan loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarista bayoolajiga iyo molecular.Waa unug yar oo leh koox thiol ah (sulfur-ka kooban) oo gees walba ku yaal.
DTT waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu jebiyo curaarta disulfide ee borotiinada, taas oo ka caawisa in ay furto ama diido.Hoos u dhigista curaarta disulfide waxay muhiim u tahay hababka shaybaadhka ee kala duwan sida nadiifinta borotiinka, jel electrophoresis, iyo daraasadaha qaabdhismeedka borotiinka.DTT waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu ilaaliyo kooxaha thiol iyo ka hortagga oksaydhka inta lagu jiro hababka tijaabada ah.
DTT waxaa sida caadiga ah lagu daraa xalalka tijaabada ah ee xooga yar, shaqadeeduna waxay ku xiran tahay joogitaanka ogsijiinta.Waa muhiim in si taxadar leh loo maareeyo DTT maadaama ay u nugul tahay hawada, kulaylka, iyo qoyaanka, taas oo yarayn karta waxtarkeeda.
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D-(+)-Galactose CAS: 59-23-4 Qiimaha soo saaraha
D-(+)-Galactose waa sonkor monosaccharide ah iyo qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah habab badan oo bayooloji ah.Waa sonkor si dabiici ah u dhacda oo laga helo cuntooyin badan, sida miraha, waxyaabaha caanaha laga sameeyo, iyo khudaarta.
Galactose waxaa caadi ahaan lagu dheefshiido jirka iyada oo loo marayo falcelinno enzymatic oo taxane ah.Waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa isgaarsiinta unugyada, wax soo saarka tamarta, iyo biosynthesis ee molecules muhiimka ah sida glycolipids, glycoproteins, iyo lactose.
Marka la eego codsiyadeeda, D- (+) -Galactose waxaa si caadi ah loogu isticmaalaa microbiology iyo bayotechnology sida isha kaarboon ee warbaahinta dhaqanka ee koritaanka noolaha kala duwan.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa soo saarista xeryahooda bioactive ee kala duwan, daawooyinka, iyo alaabta cuntada.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida wakiilka ogaanshaha caafimaad, gaar ahaan baaritaanada lagu qiimeeyo shaqada beerka iyo ogaanshaha cilladaha hidde la xiriira dheef-shiid kiimikaadka galactose.
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beta-D-Galactose pentaacetate CAS:4163-60-4
Beta-D-Galactose pentaacetate waa iskudhis kiimiko ah oo ka soo jeeda galactose, sonkorta monosaccharide.Waxaa lagu sameeyay acetylating koox kasta oo hydroxyl ah molecule galactose oo leh shan kooxood oo acetyl ah.
Xaruntan waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sida wakiilka difaaca galactose ee falcelinta kiimikada kala duwan iyo hababka synthetic.Foomka pentaacetate wuxuu caawiyaa inuu dejiyo galactose oo ka ilaaliyo falcelinta aan la rabin ama isbeddelka inta lagu jiro falcelinta.
Intaa waxaa dheer, xaruntan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa horudhac u ah isku-duwidda walxaha kale ee galactose.Kooxaha acetyl-ka ayaa si xushmad leh looga saari karaa si ay u helaan noocyo kala duwan oo galactose oo leh kooxo gaar ah oo shaqeynaya.
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5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucuronide sodium cusbo CAS:129541-41-9
5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucuronide sodium cusbada waa iskudhis kiimiko ah oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarista shaybaarka iyo ogaanshaha.Inta badan waxaa loo yaqaan X-Gluc waxaana si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa sidii substrate loogu talagalay ogaanshaha waxqabadka enzyme beta-glucuronidase.
Marka beta-glucuronidase ay jirto, waxay jebisaa dammaanadda glucuronide ee X-Gluc, taasoo keentay in la xoreeyo midab buluug ah oo loo yaqaan 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl.Dareen-celintan waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in muuqaal ahaan ama spectrophotometrically lagu ogaado muujinta beta-glucuronidase enzyme ee unugyada ama unugyada.
Nooca cusbada sodium ee X-Gluc waxay wanaajisaa milmaheeda xalalka aqueous, fududaynta isticmaalka shaybaarka.X-Gluc waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa cilmi-baarista bayoolajiga molecular si loo barto muujinta hidda-wadaha, dhaqdhaqaaqa dhiirrigeliyaha, iyo qiimaynta hidda-wadaha wariyaha.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu ogaado joogitaanka beta-glucuronidase noolaha soo saara, sida bakteeriyada qaarkood, ee daraasaadka microbiological.
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4-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside CAS:2001-96-9
4-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside waa chromogenic substrate loo isticmaalo imtixaannada enzymatic si loo ogaado loona cabbiro dhaqdhaqaaqa enzymes ee loo yaqaan beta-xylosidases.
